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| Sommerville, Matthew M.; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London; m.sommerville06@imperial.ac.uk; Jones, Julia P. G.; School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Bangor; julia.jones@bangor.ac.uk; Milner-Gulland, E. J.; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London; e.j.milner-gulland@imperial.ac.uk. |
| Over the past decade, “Payments for Environmental Services” (PES) have received a great deal of attention as a natural-resource management approach. We propose a revised definition and framework for PES implementation that focuses on the use of positive incentives as the philosophy behind PES and conditionality as the method for influencing behaviors. We note the importance of additionality of PES interventions to justify their value in a wider context. Finally, we highlight the need to understand the local institutional context in terms of the characteristics of buyers, sellers, and their relationship for implementation to be effective. Our framework acts as a platform to begin examining how the variety of options for structuring PES... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Additionality; Conditional; Ecosystem services; Environmental management; Incentives; Institutions; Monitoring; Transactions. |
| Ano: 2009 |
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| Paavola , Jouni; Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP); Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; j.paavola@leeds.ac.uk; Healey, John R.; School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University ; j.healey@bangor.ac.uk; Jones, Julia P.G.; School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University ; julia.jones@bangor.ac.uk; Baker, Timothy R.; School of Geography, University of Leeds; t.r.baker@leeds.ac.uk. |
| Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) has received strong support as a major component of future global climate change policy. The financial mechanism of REDD+ is payment for the ecosystem service of carbon sequestration in tropical forests that is expected to create incentives for conservation of forest cover and condition. However, the costs of achieving emissions reduction by these means remain largely unknown. We assess the set-up, implementation, and monitoring costs, i.e., collectively the transaction costs, of six of the first seven REDD+ project designs from the Peruvian Amazon and compare them with established projects in Brazil and Bolivia. The estimated costs vary greatly among the assessed projects from US$0.16 to... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Additionality; Amazon; Peru; REDD+; Set-up implementation and monitoring costs; Transaction costs. |
| Ano: 2013 |
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